Juan francisco manzano biography
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Manzano, Juan Francisco
c. 1797
1853
Born during a sugar boom that was transforming Cuba into the world's most valuable slave-based colony, Juan Francisco Manzano became not only a celebrated poet but also the author of the only autobiography ever written by a Latin American slave that was published before Emancipation. He learned to read and write while serving as a domestic slave in the urban households of the island's titled nobility. He published his first verses, Poesías líricas, in 1821. His talents attracted the attention of Domingo del Monte, the island's most influential intellectual, and in 1836, after hearing Manzano recite "Mis treinta años," a touching personal sonnet, del Monte and members of his literary circle raised a sum equivalent to $800 to purchase Manzano's freedom from María de la Luz de Zayas.
Encouraged by del Monte, Manzano had begun writing his autobiography the previous year. Only the first of two parts of the completed manuscript has survived. In 1839 del Monte handed an edited, fifty-two-page Spanish version of part one to Richard Robert Madden, a visiting British official and abolitionist, who seized on Manzano's words to promote the international antislavery crusade. In Britain, Madden translated the manuscript along
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Manzano, Juan Francisco (1797–1853)
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Juan Francisco Manzano
Cuban writer and slave.
Juan Francisco Manzano (c. 1797–1853) was born a house slave in the province of Matanzas, Cuba during the colonial period. Manzano's father died before he was fifteen and his only remaining family was his mother, sister, and two brothers. Manzano worked as a page throughout his life. He wrote two works of poetry and his autobiography while still enslaved. The Autobiography of a Slave is one of only two personal accounts of 19th-century Cuban slavery, the only existing narrative accounts of slavery in Spanish America. The other is by Esteban Mesa Montejo. Irish abolitionist Richard Robert Madden published his English translation of the autobiography under the title Life of the Negro Poet in his 1840 book Poems by a slave in the island of Cuba.[1][2] A second part to Manzano's autobiography was lost. He obtained his freedom in 1836 and later wrote a book of poems and a play, Zafira.[1] In 1844, Manzano was falsely accused of being involved in the conspiracy of La Escalera. After his release from prison in 1845 he did not publish again and died in 1853.[1]
Early life
[edit]Manzano was born to María Pilar Infazón and Toribio Manzano in 1797.[3] His married parents wer